ChemicalProperties.xls

Calculate 468 elements or chemicals physical properties
Notes:   

1. Only enter in the orange cells.   Four drop-down, three numerical.       
   
2. The first section (upper)  simply contains look-up values.       
   
3. The middle section is calculated based on the temperature entry.       
   
4. Note: Temperature in deg C must be between the Antoine Max and Min to be valid.       
   5  The lower section are the gas equations, giving pressure for a mass and volume.       
   
   

Calculation Reference

Physical Properties of Chemicals

Physical properties of chemicals are characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical's composition. These properties are essential for understanding how chemicals behave under different conditions, their compatibility with other substances, and their potential applications. Some common physical properties of chemicals include:

1. Appearance: The physical state (solid, liquid, or gas) and color of the chemical.

2. Melting point: The temperature at which a solid substance changes to a liquid state under atmospheric pressure.

3. Boiling point: The temperature at which a liquid substance changes to a gaseous state under atmospheric pressure.

4. Density: The mass per unit volume of a substance, often expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³).

5. Specific gravity: The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance (usually water at a specific temperature).

6. Solubility: The maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.

7. Vapor pressure: The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase at a given temperature.

8. Viscosity: A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow, often expressed in centipoise (cP) or pascal-seconds (Pa·s).

9. Surface tension: The force acting on the surface of a liquid that causes it to contract and minimize its surface area, usually expressed in millinewtons per meter (mN/m) or dynes per centimeter (dyn/cm).

10. Refractive index: The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the substance, which indicates how much the substance bends light.

11. Conductivity: A measure of a substance's ability to conduct electricity, usually expressed in siemens per meter (S/m) or microsiemens per centimeter (µS/cm).

12. Flash point: The lowest temperature at which a substance's vapor can ignite in the presence of an ignition source.

13. Heat capacity: The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a given mass of a substance by one degree Celsius, often expressed in joules per gram per degree Celsius (J/g·°C) or joules per kilogram per degree Kelvin (J/kg·K).

14. Thermal conductivity: The rate at which heat is transferred through a substance, usually expressed in watts per meter per degree Celsius (W/m·°C) or watts per meter per degree Kelvin (W/m·K).

These are just some examples of physical properties that can be used to describe chemicals. The relevance of each property depends on the specific chemical and its intended application. Understanding these properties is crucial for scientists, engineers, and other professionals working with chemicals to ensure safe handling, proper storage, and effective use.